Year 9 Maths Chapter 4 – Linear Relationships

Complete

You will want to refer to Year 8 Maths Chapter 3 for basic measurement. This section is more advanced, and omits basic concepts.

New formulae
Formulae to revise

New formulae

Surface area of a rectangular prism: A = 2(xy + xz + yz) where x, y and z are length, breadth and height.
Volume of a cylinder: A = 𝜋r²
Surface area of a cylinder: A = 2𝜋r² + 2𝜋rh where 2𝜋r² is the 2 circular ends and 2𝜋rh is the curved area. If you wanted an open cylinder with only one end closed you would remove the 2 in front of the first term.
Volume of a sphere: (4/3)𝜋r³
Surface area of a sphere: 4𝜋r²
Surface area of a square based pyramid: A = b² + 2bs where b is one base side and s is the slant height.

Note that for square based pyramids, you might need to use Pythag to find the slant height. This does not equal the height of the pyramid.

Slant height

In the above image, h is the height and s is the slant height. By using Pythag you can solve for s by using the equation: h² + (b/2)² = s².

Formulae to revise

Test yourself on Quizlet!

Circles

Circumference of a circle: C = 2𝜋r or C = 𝜋d
Area of a circle: A = 𝜋r²
𝜋 = ~22/7 or 𝜋 = 3.14 (2dp)
A sector is a portion of a circle.
Perimeter of a sector: P = 2r + θ/360 x 2𝜋r
Area of a sector: A = 𝜋r² x θ/360

Rhombus, Kite, Trapezium and Parallelogram

Rhombus:
- pq/2 where p and q are diagonals
- lb where l is length and b is height
Kite:
- pq/2 where p and q are diagonals
- xy/2 where x is width and y is height
Trapezium: a+b/2 x h where a and b are the parallel sides and h is the height
Parallelogram: lb where l is length and b is height

Please tell me you know what the area of squares, rectangles and triangles are. Marcus probably doesn’t.

Composite shapes

Shapes that are made up of more than one basic shape. To solve for the area or perimeter of composite shapes, you might need to use addition or subtraction. I know how hard that is for you, Marcus.